Problem Solving: Conservation of Momentum
Lifted from Chap 9 of Phys for Scientist and Engineers 2nd edition by Randall Knight; Chap 7 of Physics: Principles with Applications 6th edition by Douglas Giancoli; Chap 8 of University Physics 12th edition by Young and Freedman

1.) A 10, 000 kg railroad car is rolling at 2.0 m/s when a 4000 kg load of gravel is suddenly dropped in. What is the car's speed just after the gravel is loaded?
2.) A child in a boat throws a 6.40 kg package out horizontally with a speed of 10.0 m/s. Calculate the velocity of the boat immediately after, assuming it was initially at rest. The mass of the chils is 26.0 kg, and that of the boat is 45.0 kg. Ignore water resistance.
3.) A 9300-kg boxcar travelling at 15.0 m/s strikes a second boxcar at rest. The two stick together and move off with a speed of 6.0 m/s. What is the mass of the second car?
4.) On a frictionless, horizontal air table, puck A with a mass 0.250 kg, is moving toward puck B with mass 0.350 kg, which is initially at rest. After the collision, puck A has a velocity of 0.120m/s to the left, and puck B has a velocity of 0.650 m/s to the right. What was the speed of puck A before the collision.
5.) Block A in the figure (no figure was given LOLZ) has mass 1.00 kg, and block B has mass 3.00 kg. The blocks are forced together, compressing a spring S between them; then the system is released from rest on a level, frictionless surface. The spring, which has negligible mass, is not fastened to either block and drops to the surface after it has expanded. Block B acquired a speed of 1.20 m/s. What is the final speed of Block A? How much potential energy was stored in the compresses spring?

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